< Previous4 /9 5 /10 4 TRL /9 U LTRASOUND FORCE FIELDS, which are in the early Prototype Stage, are quite literally that - sound based force fields that are capable of deflecting laser beams. A true science fiction technology that, as we’ve seen with many others, is now science fact albeit as a prototype. While developments in this field are limited this particular technology takes a cue from ultrasound based Tractor Beams to create an ultrasound lattice or grid which is sufficiently dense and powerful enough to deflect low power lasers. While this technology was first discussed about a decade ago this is the first example of a working prototype. DEFINITION Ultrasound Force Fields is the use of ultrasound to create a force field that can deflect energy and laser beams. EXAMPLE USE CASES Today this technology is still being developed with the primary use case being defense applications against military Direct Eenergy Weapons (DEW) systems that are increasingly finding their way onto the battlefield. However, other applications could also include being used to manipulate tissues during surgery, targeted drug delivery, and wound healing, as well as the acoustic levitation of delicate materials or objects, filtering, and even as acoustic haptic feedback devices for use in Virtual Reality (VR) environments. FUTURE TRAJECTORY AND REPLACABILITY Over the next decade we will continue to see interest in Ultrasound Forcefields increase and investment grow, albeit from a very low base, primarily led by the defense industry. As the technology improves it is highly likely that at some point this technology could find itself being deployed by different militaries, however that will only happen if it can be proven to work in the wild, can scale, and can deflect the lasers from more powerful DEW systems. That asides though it has interesting applications in other sectors so whether it makes it into the military or not it is likely that we’ll see these deployed somewhere in the future even though it will likely remain a niche technology. While Ultrasound Forcefields are still in the early Prototype Stage they could be enhanced by advances in Artificial Intelligence, Materials and Metamaterials, Sensors, and other technologies, however over the long term it’s unclear what they could be superseded by. MATTHEW’S RECOMMENDATION In the short to medium term I suggest companies put the technology on their radars, establish a point of view, and re- visit it every few years until progress in the space accelerates. 15 SECOND SUMMARY Accessibility Affordability Competition Demonstration Desirability Investment Regulation Viability 4 5 1 7 9 2 2 7 1967 1993 2017 2058 2072 STATUS PRIMARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS IMPACT ULTRASOUND FORCE FIELDS STARBURST APPEARANCES: ‘24 EXPLORE MORE. Click or scan me to learn more about this emerging tech. 430311institute.com MRL5 /9 2 /10 7 TRL /9 Z ERO KNOWLEDGE PROOF, which is in the early Commercialisation Stage, is a cryptographic technology that is as odd as they come. In a hat tip to Blockchain, which lets third parties transact with one another and trust one another without the need for any intermediary parties Zero Knowledge Proof (ZKP) enables third parties that don’t know one another to share the final “truth” of a piece of information without actually proving that it’s the truth. In layman’s terms it’s the equivalent of proving to you that there is something in a locked safe without opening the safe to show you the actual “proof.” Needless to say in our increasingly decentralised and digital world, where an increasing amount of interactions happen between third parties who don’t know one another this ability to prove that’s something is the truth without revealing anything but that final truth is revolutionary. DEFINITION Zero Knowledge Proof is a cryptographic method where a prover can convince a verifier of the truth or validity of a statement without revealing any information beyond the statement’s truth. EXAMPLE USE CASES While use cases are thin on the ground at the moment they include the ability to prove a transaction is valid without revealing the sender, transaction amount, or recipients details, it also has applications in data privacy and the healthcare industry where the validity of data can be proved without sharing the sensitive data itself, and then there are other use cases in DeFi, smart contracts, voting systems, and even in supply chain management where third parties can prove the authenticity of goods without revealing sensitive business data. FUTURE TRAJECTORY AND REPLACABILITY Over the next decade we will continue to see interest and investment in Zero Knowledge Proof increase, albeit from a very low base, primarily led by university grants and the Technology industry. An intriguing technology, or protocol, ZKP could revolutionise data sharing and security but at the moment it’s still fringe, so while it isn’t going away whether it’s adopted at scale remains to be seen. That said though, in time, it could become a key foundational digital protocol. While ZKP is still in the early Commercialisation Stage it could be enhanced by advances in Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, One Time Programs, Web 3.0, and other technologies, however over the long term it’s unclear what it could be superseded by. MATTHEW’S RECOMMENDATION In the short to medium term I suggest companies put the technology on their radars, establish a point of view, and re- visit it every few years until progress in the space accelerates. 15 SECOND SUMMARY Accessibility Affordability Competition Demonstration Desirability Investment Regulation Viability 5 6 1 8 9 2 1 8 2012 2016 2020 2037 2045 STATUS PRIMARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS IMPACT ZERO KNOWLEDGE PROOF STARBURST APPEARANCES: ‘24 EXPLORE MORE. Click or scan me to learn more about this emerging tech. 431311institute.com MRLSENSORSA S A human you have it lucky. After all, sensing things just comes naturally with you - it’s part of your biology. But if you aren’t lucky enough to be a biological organism of some kind then sensing, well, it’s somewhat of a challenge, and that’s where sensors come into the equation. Whether they’re the sensors in your smartphone that, when combined with Artificial Intelligence and Machine Vision, can help you detect cancer and the onset of dementia and illness sooner, or the types of sensors that we’re building into robots to give them a sense of touch, there’s no denying that in the future the world will be jam packed with these little miracle devices. And as for sensitivity and size, well, without spoiling the surprise let me just say we’re going all in on quantum, and living sensors aren’t far behind, and they’re an entirely new ball game ... In this section you will find details of the emerging technologies that made it into this years Griffin Emerging Technology Starburst along with details of other impactful emerging technologies: 1.Acoustic Cameras 2.Bio-Robotic Sensors 3.Biometric Sensors 4.Biomimetic Sensors 5.Electro-Mechanical Sensors 6.Event Based Sensors 7.Hyperspectral Sensors 8.Lenseless Cameras 9.Living Sensors 10.Nano-Antennae 11.Nano-Sensors 12.Neutron Detectors 13.Optical Bio-Sensors 14.Photonic Sensors 15.Ptychography 16.Quantum Sensors 17.Rydberg Sensors 18.Sapphire Sensors 19.Smart Dust 20.Spray on Sensors 21.Terahertz Imaging In addition to these emerging technologies there are many others that have yet to get an entry in this codex. These include, but are not limited to: 22.Autonomous Sensor Systems 23.Backscatter Sensors 24.Bio-Sensors 25.Biomarker Sensors 26.Depth of Field Sensors 27.ECG Sensors 28.EEG Sensors 29.Electrochemical Sensors 30.Electromyography Sensors 31.Electrophoresis Sensors 32.Force Sensors 33.Graphene Sensors 34.Laser Ranging Sensors 35.Lidar 36.Micro Electro-Mechanical Sensors 37.Molybdenite Sensors 38.Multispectral Sensors 39.Nano Electro-Mechanical Sensors 40.Nanotube Sensors 41.Photodiodes 42.Sensor Fusion 43.Single Photon Avalanche Diodes 44.Time of Flight Sensors 45.Ultrasonic Sensors 433311institute.com BOOK AN EXPERT CALL5 /9 2 /10 7 TRL /9 A COUSTIC CAMERAS, which are in the early Commercialisation Stage, is the field of research concerned with trying to find new ways to visualise sound and its behaviours in any environment which, in this case you can very much think of as quite literally being able to take photos of sounds. Recently there have been a number of breakthroughs in the field including the development of the first actual acoustic camera that can take pictures of sound, and then using different grading systems, visualise it in a variety of impressive ways for users. DEFINITION Acoustic Cameras are devices that can visualise sound waves within an environment. EXAMPLE USE CASES The primary use case for Acoustic Cameras today is to use them to identify how sound is travelling through and interacting with a space, whether that space is a concert hall or an industrial facility, which make this technology a very valuable tool for acoustic engineers and anyone who wants to know how sound behaves. Other applications include being able to use this technology for building and acoustics design, environmental noise monitoring, vehicle noise reduction measures, as well as being able to visualise sound within the human body which could benefit cardiology, obstetrics, and oncology, and other fields. FUTURE TRAJECTORY AND REPLACABILITY Over the next decade we will continue to see interest and investment in Acoustic Cameras increase, albeit from a very low base, primarily led by organisations in the Construction and Healthcare sectors. Sound is all around us and it plays a very important role in all our lives so being able to visualise it, so that we can understand its behaviours and meaning is incredibly important, therefore making this technology one to watch and one that’s likely to play a greater role in the future. While acoustic Cameras are still in the Prototype Stage they could be enhanced by advances in Artificial Intelligence, Materials, Quantum Computing, Sensors and other technologies, however over the long term it’s unclear what it could be superseded by. MATTHEW’S RECOMMENDATION In the short to medium term I suggest companies put the technology on their radars, explore the field, and establish a point of view. 15 SECOND SUMMARY Accessibility Affordability Competition Demonstration Desirability Investment Regulation Viability 5 5 3 8 9 3 2 7 1971 1998 2007 2021 2039 STATUS PRIMARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS IMPACT ACOUSTIC CAMERAS STARBURST APPEARANCES: ‘24 EXPLORE MORE. Click or scan me to learn more about this emerging tech. 434311institute.com MRL8 /9 5 /10 9 TRL /9 B IOMETRIC SENSORS, which are in the Mass Adoption Stage, is the field of research concerned with developing sensors that are capable of capturing a wide range of biometric cues that can be used to analyse and identify people, and their behaviours and characteristics. Recent breakthroughs include the ability to capture increasingly intricate biometric information from a distance, in the case of facial, fingerprint, iris, and voice prints, up to a range of 400 meters or more, at high speed which can be combined together to create so called “Touchless” biometric systems. Researchers have also developed new systems, including wearables, capable of capturing brainwave activity, micro movements, and much more, and when combined with information from other sources researchers have also been able to use these systems to determine people’s character, personalities, and their predisposition to commit crime. DEFINITION Biometric sensors are external or internal devices that can capture biometric data and connect and exchange information with other devices. EXAMPLE USE CASES Today we are using Biometric Sensors in a wide variety of applications, including accessing our devices and online accounts, and at ports of entry, as well as to identify individuals for marketing purposes, and using it to surveil entire populations. FUTURE TRAJECTORY AND REPLACABILITY Over the next decade interest in the field will continue to accelerate, and interest and investment will continue to grow at an accelerating rate, primarily led by organisations in the Defence and Technology sectors, with support from government funding and university grants. In time we will see the use of the technology become truly ubiquitous, both online and offline, and while it will streamline access to services, it will also be used to strip away users privacy and benefit dystopian governments. While Biometric Sensors are in the Mass Adoption Stage, over the long term they will be enhanced by advances in Artificial Intelligence, Far Field Microphones, Neural Interfaces, Optics, Sensor Technology, and Smart Materials, but at this point in time it is not clear what they will be replaced by. MATTHEW’S RECOMMENDATION In the short to medium term I suggest companies put the technology on their radars, explore the field, establish a point of view, experiment with it, and forecast out the potential implications of the technology. 15 SECOND SUMMARY Accessibility Affordability Competition Demonstration Desirability Investment Regulation Viability 9 9 5 9 9 8 6 9 1971 1979 1982 1985 2023 STATUS PRIMARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS IMPACT STARBURST APPEARANCES: ‘17, ‘18, ‘19 BIOMETRIC SENSORS EXPLORE MORE. Click or scan me to learn more about this emerging tech. 435311institute.com MRL3 /9 4 /10 5 TRL /9 B IOMIMETIC SENSORS, which are in the Prototype Stage and Productisation Stage, is the field of research concerned with developing sensing technologies that mimic the behaviours, capabilities, and functional properties of biological systems which, over the millennia have been fine tuned to sense every last detail of the physical and chemical environment, from the gentlest breeze to the bitter Citric Acid in Citrus fruits, in order to ultimately ensure an organisms survival. Recent breakthroughs include the development of sensors that can mimic all five human senses, and that are, in many cases, thousands of times more sensitive, as well as many more less obvious sensors including ones that are capable of sensing the minutest quantities of certain chemicals in the water. DEFINITION Biomimetic Sensors are sensors that mimic the behaviours, capabilities, and functional properties of biological systems. EXAMPLE USE CASES Today we are using Biomimetic sensors to create robots that navigate by the stars, rather than GPS, biomedical devices that can smell disease, and Virtual Reality systems that expose the user to smells, tastes and other sensations. In the future the primary applications of the technology will be almost limitless, and range from playing a role in the development of Smart Buildings through to Smart Materials, and much more. FUTURE TRAJECTORY AND REPLACABILITY Over the next decade interest in the field will continue to accelerate, and interest and investment will continue to grow at an accelerating rate, primarily led by organisations in the Aerospace, Consumer Electronics, Defence, Healthcare, Manufacturing, and Technology sectors, with support from university grants. In time we will see the types of sensors, and their capabilities mature and the number of applications they are capable of addressing increase. While Biomimetic Sensors are in the Prototype Stage and Productisation Stage, over the long term they will be enhanced by advances in Artificial Intelligence, Backscatter Energy Systems, Bio-Hybrid Robots, Carbon Nanotubes, Electro-Mechanical Sensors, Nanomanufacturing, Nano- Sensors, Neurobiotics, Sensor Fusion, and Soft Robots, but at this point in time it is not clear what they will be replaced by. MATTHEW’S RECOMMENDATION In the short to medium term I suggest companies put the technology on their radars, explore the field, establish a point of view, and forecast out the potential implications of the technology. 15 SECOND SUMMARY Accessibility Affordability Competition Demonstration Desirability Investment Regulation Viability 7 7 5 8 8 6 4 9 1981 1990 1995 2010 2032 STATUS PRIMARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS IMPACT BIOMIMETIC SENSORS STARBURST APPEARANCES: ‘19, ‘20, ‘21 EXPLORE MORE. Click or scan me to learn more about this emerging tech. 436311institute.com MRL2 /9 7 /10 4 TRL /9 B IO-ROBOTIC SENSORS, which are in the Prototype Stage, is the field of research concerned with finding new ways to fuse and integrate biological and mechanical, or robotic, components together that allow what one system senses to be processed by the other and vice versa. Recently there have been a number of innovations in the field which have included the development of Bio-Robotic Sensors that are capable of translating the smells sensed by insects biological senses into digital chemical signatures that can be processed by a computing system to detect bombs and explosives. DEFINITION Bio-Robotic sensors are sensors where biological and robotic components have been interfaced with one another to give mechanical systems access to natural sensing capabilities. EXAMPLE USE CASES Today Bio-Robotic Sensors are being used in the military in the form of locusts helping detect buried landmines. In the future the ability to tap into and then augment a biological organisms sensory and nervous systems, including their brains, will not only lead to a new class of Conscious Robots, courtesy of Neurobiotics, but will also let any organism, including humans, be turned into nodes and Living Sensors at the edge of the network to create the Internet of Living Things. FUTURE TRAJECTORY AND REPLACABILITY Over the next decade interest in the field will continue to accelerate, and interest and investment will continue to grow at an accelerating rate, primarily led by organisations in the Aerospace and Defence sectors, with support from government funding and university grants. In time we will see Bio-Robotic Sensors and the technologies used to develop Living Sensors, such as Artificial Intelligence, Brain Machine Interfaces, Genetic Engineering, and Machine Vision, merge. Not only will this allow researchers to turn every living thing into a node or a sensor at the edge of the network but it will cause a societal and technological paradigm shift in everything from data capture to situational awareness. While Bio-Robotic Sensors are in the Prototype Stage, over the long term they will be enhanced by advances in Artificial Intelligence, Brain Machine Interfaces, Cyborgs, and Living Sensors, as well as Advanced Manufacturing, Compute, Electronics, Intelligence, Robotics, and Sensor technologies, but at this point in time it is not clear what they will be replaced by. MATTHEW’S RECOMMENDATION In the short to medium term I suggest companies put the technology on their radars, explore the field, establish a point of view, and re-visit it every few years until progress in this space accelerates. 15 SECOND SUMMARY Accessibility Affordability Competition Demonstration Desirability Investment Regulation Viability 4 4 3 7 8 5 4 8 1996 2001 2008 2032 2044 STATUS PRIMARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS IMPACT STARBURST APPEARANCES: ‘21 BIO-ROBOTIC SENSORS EXPLORE MORE. Click or scan me to learn more about this emerging tech. 437311institute.com MRL9 /9 7 /10 9 TRL /9 E LECTRO-MECHANICAL SENSORS, which are in the Mass Adoption Stage, is the field of research concerned with making small scale and nano scale Electro-Mechanical Sensors capable of sensing, and then acting on, a wide variety of stimuli, including biological, magnetic, mechanical, optical, and thermal inputs. Recent breakthroughs in the space include creating increasingly complex and sophisticated sensors capable of detecting ever smaller variations in stimuli,and increasing the number and type of components and materials that can be integrated together to form functional units. DEFINITION Electro-Mechanical Sensors are micro scale devices capable of sensing different stimuli and acting on them. EXAMPLE USE CASES Today we are using Electro-Mechanical Sensors in a huge variety of products, including airbags, disease and patient monitoring equipment, Labs-On-Chips, navigation devices, smartphones, TV tuners, and many more. In the future the technology’s primary use cases will include an even broader range of applications, and will be almost unlimited. FUTURE TRAJECTORY AND REPLACABILITY Over the next decade interest in the field will continue to accelerate, and interest and investment will continue to grow at an accelerating rate, primarily led by organisations in the Aerospace, and Manufacturing sectors. In time we will see the sophistication of these sensors increase while their effective sizes continue to reduce, and the materials they’re constructed from broaden out to include not just inorganic and synthetic materials, but biological ones too. Similarly, as complimentary manufacturing techniques improve we will also see them embedded into more and more products, which will have the effect of significantly broadening out their applications. While Electro-Mechanical Sensors are in the Mass Adoption Stage, over the long term they will be enhanced by advances in 3D Printing, Artificial Intelligence, Biological Computing, DNA Computing, DNA Neural Networks, Liquid Computing, Living Sensors, Micromotes, Molecular Assemblers, Nano- Manufacturing, Nanophotonic Materials, Nano-Sensors, and Quantum Sensors, but at this point in time it is not clear what they will be replaced by. MATTHEW’S RECOMMENDATION In the short to medium term I suggest companies put the technology on their radars, explore the field, establish a point of view, experiment with it, and forecast out the potential implications of the technology. 15 SECOND SUMMARY Accessibility Affordability Competition Demonstration Desirability Investment Regulation Viability 7 8 6 9 9 8 6 9 1978 1980 1985 1990 2005 STATUS PRIMARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS IMPACT STARBURST APPEARANCES: ‘19 ELECTRO-MECHANICAL SENSORS EXPLORE MORE. Click or scan me to learn more about this emerging tech. 438311institute.com MRL9 /9 4 /10 9 TRL /9 E VENT BASED SENSORS, which are in the Prototype Stage, is the field of research concerned with developing new types of sensors that only transmit information when they are triggered rather than traditional sensors that continually stream information across networks even if no variables have changed. Recent breakthroughs in the field include the development of new machine vision and neuromorphic computing sensors that only stream information about pixels that have changed rather than re-transmit information about the entire image. DEFINITION Event Based sensors are sensors that only transmit information when triggered by specific external stimulii rather than continuously streaming information. EXAMPLE USE CASES Today we are using neuromorphic based prototypes to prove the theory behind the technology and refine it. In the future the primary use case of the technology will be to dramatically reduce the volume of information being transmitted across edge and core networks, a principle that can be applied to any sensor, in any environment, and in any use case. FUTURE TRAJECTORY AND REPLACABILITY Over the next decade interest in the field will continue to accelerate, and interest and investment will continue to grow, primarily led by organisations in the Manufacturing sector, with support from univesity grants. In time we will see the technology mature to the point where it will be able to be applied to every type of sensor in every application which means its adoption will be relatively fast paced. While Event Based Sensors are in the Prototype Stage, over the long term they will be enhanced by advances in Artificial Intelligence, Backscatter Energy Systems, Bio-Batteries, Edge Computing, Machine Vision, Neuromorphic Computing, and Sensor Fusion, but at this point in time it is not clear what they will be replaced by. MATTHEW’S RECOMMENDATION In the short to medium term I suggest companies put the technology on their radars, explore the field, establish a point of view, experiment with it, and forecast out the potential implications of the technology. 15 SECOND SUMMARY Accessibility Affordability Competition Demonstration Desirability Investment Regulation Viability 6 7 4 7 8 4 2 9 1998 2001 2016 2025 2028 STATUS PRIMARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS IMPACT EVENT BASED SENSORS STARBURST APPEARANCES: ‘20 EXPLORE MORE. Click or scan me to learn more about this emerging tech. 439311institute.com MRLNext >