< PreviousTECHNOLOGY CATEGORY DIVEST HE FUTURE will be amazing and it will all be made possible by entrepreneurs and visionaries, both human and synthetic, who have the resources and drive to combine today’s and tomorrow’s technologies together to create new concepts that will allow us all to do things that we all thought were unthinkable just a few decades before. NEW EXPERIENCES On Uranus´small moon Miranda there’s a monumental cliff wall more than ten kilometres high that dwarfs Everest called Verona Rupes, and it’s the tallest cliff in the known solar system. Needless to say this extreme height, combined with Miranda’s low gravity, of just 0.018 Earth gravity, would make for a spectacular base jump. After taking the leap from the top edge you’d free fall for over twelve minutes and you’d have to use a small rocket to brake your descent and land safely on your feet at the base of the wall, but while you’d be looking down the people already at the base would be looking up and they’d see you silhouetted against a magnificent backdrop, the pale turquoise of Uranus. While today this extreme base jump is nothing more than fantasy, in the future you’ll be able to buy this experience, and many more like it, from a tour operator. The future will be amazing in ways you’ve never imagined, and it’s all just around the figurative corner. DIVE IN In this section, as we dive into the thirteen technology categories listed on the Griffin Emerging Technology Starburst I’ll be shining a light on hundreds of emerging technologies that will make this, and many other unimaginable things, a reality and part of people’s every day. 111311institute.comADVANCED MANUFACTURINGE VERYTHING IN the universe, in one way or another, is manufactured. Atoms born from ancient stars combine to form molecules and compounds that in turn combine to create everything we know, from the smartphones in our hands, to the galaxies at the edge of interstellar space. As a consequence, as our ability to unravel the mysteries of how things are constructed, whether it’s human tissue, or new materials, progresses at an exponential rate, all that’s then left is to develop the technologies and tools we need to manufacture them ourselves, with our own twists. And fortunately for us our arsenal has never been fuller. Today the Advanced Manufacturing category is being driven, primarily, by advances in three significant and ascending technology fields, namely 3D Printing, Bio-Manufacturing and Nano-Manufacturing, but I am also seeing an up tick in the amount of interest in, and investment in, 4D Printing, Bio- Printing, Bio-Reactors and even Molecular Assemblers, which have crossovers with Chemical Computers, all of which will, in their own time, have a significant impact on the marketplace. In this section you will find details of the emerging technologies that made it into this years Griffin Emerging Technology Starburst along with details of other impactful emerging technologies: 1.3D Bio-Printing 2.3D Holographic Printing 3.3D Printing 4.3D Ultrasonic Printing 5.4D Bio-Printing 6.4D Printing 7.Atomic Manufacturing 8.Bio-Conversion 9.Bio-Manufacturing 10.Bio-Reactors 11.Molecular Assemblers 12.Multi-Material 3D Printing 13.Nano-Manufacturing 14.Rapid Liquid Printing 15.Space Based Manufacturing 16.Xolography Additive Printing In addition to these emerging technologies there are many others that have yet to get an entry in this codex. These include, but are not limited to: 17.Biosynthesis 18.Cold Forming 19.DNA Nanoscience 20.Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography 21.Screen Printing 113311institute.com BOOK AN EXPERT CALL5 /9 8 /10 8 TRL /9 3 D BIO-PRINTING, a GENERAL PURPOSE TECHNOLOGY, is a revolutionary technology that first burst onto the global stage in earnest in 2011 when researchers first began using it to 3D print replacement human bones, tissues and organs on demand. Over time, as significant progress has been made in the complimentary fields of Gene Editing and Stem Cell research it is increasingly clear that this technology will have a significant impact on improving peoples longevity and quality of life, and that, as a result, its downstream impacts on other industries will be dramatic. DEFINITION Bio-Printing is the combination of 3D Printing technology with materials that incorporate viable living cells. EXAMPLE USE CASES While the future use cases are, arguably, only limited by what we can genetically engineer and combine together, it is highly likely we will see the technology used to manufacture soft robots, and highly customised, personalised organic, and even hybrid, human organs and tissues that over time are increasingly embedded with electronic components and sensors, meanwhile, today’s use cases already include the ability to 3D print functioning human brain, heart, kidney and muscle tissue, as well as bone, cartilage, pluripotent stem cells, skin and much more. FUTURE TRAJECTORY AND REPLACABILITY Over the next decade we will continue to see the birth of a healthcare revolution. Consequently, as the acceptance, economics, efficiency, quality and repeatability of the technology all continue to improve, and as the number of organisations, both public and private, who see its promise swells it is inevitable that interest in the sector will become increasingly buoyant. However, while the interest and investment in the field is accelerating the organisations and regulators involved are keen to point out that there is still a long road ahead before we see the technology deliver on its full promise. While Bio-Printing technology is still in the ascending phase one day it is highly likely that it will be replaced, and complimented by, new Molecular Assembler technologies. MATTHEW’S RECOMMENDATION 3D Bio-Printing is a highly disruptive technology that has already been productised, albeit at an early stage. Companies should perform a thorough assessment of its medium to long term impact on their business and, as appropriate, experiment with it. 15 SECOND SUMMARY Accessibility Affordability Competition Demonstration Desirability Investment Regulation Viability 3 6 2 6 9 3 1 8 1987 1998 2003 2018 2036 STATUS PRIMARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS IMPACT 3D BIO-PRINTING STARBURST APPEARANCES: ‘17, ‘18, ‘19 EXPLORE MORE. Click or scan me to learn more about this emerging tech. 114311institute.com MRL9 /9 3 /10 9 TRL /9 University of California, Berkeley M 3D HOLOGRAPHIC PRINTING unlike traditional 3D Printing, that manufacturers products by building them up in layers, first arrived on the scene in 2018 and is the novel combination of 3D printing like technology combined with light and photosentitive materials that allow manufacturers to produce an increasingly wide range of products thousands of times faster than they could with traditional 3D printing. As the processes and technology advances it will have a revolutionary impact on global supply chains, and how we manufacture products on demand. DEFINITION 3D Holographic Printing uses a combination of laser light and photosentitive materials to manufacture products in vats thousands of times faster than traditional 3D printing. EXAMPLE USE CASES While there are huge range of use cases the early use cases for the technology evolve around manufacturing sports wear and apparel, such as shoes and trainers, and the production of basic implanted medical devices. FUTURE TRAJECTORY AND REPLACABILITY Given the substantial boosts in on demand manufacturing speeds it is likely that this technology will see a medium to rapid rate of development. Furthermore, as more compatible materials become available, with an increasingly wide range of characteristics, and as the technology is refined, it becomes increasingly easy to see how the impact of this technology could be substantial. While 3D Holographic Printing is still in the ascending phase one day it is highly likely that it will be replaced, and complimented by, faster 3D Printing and 4D Printing technologies, and eventually Molecular Assembler technologies. MATTHEW’S RECOMMENDATION 3D Holographic Printing is a highly disruptive technology that is showing early signs of commercialisation. Companies should perform a thorough assessment of its medium to long term impact on their business, and, as appropriate, experiment with it. 15 SECOND SUMMARY Accessibility Affordability Competition Demonstration Desirability Investment Regulation Viability 2 5 4 4 8 1 1 8 2011 2014 2017 2027 2034 STATUS PRIMARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS IMPACT 3D HOLOGRAPHIC PRINTING STARBURST APPEARANCES: ‘18, ‘19, ‘20, ‘21 EXPLORE MORE. Click or scan me to learn more about this emerging tech. 115311institute.com MRL9 /9 8 /10 9 TRL /9 3 D PRINTING, a GENERAL PURPOSE TECHNOLOGY, which is also known as Additive Manufacturing, is an increasingly revolutionary manufacturing technology that first burst onto the global stage back in 2010 after being under development in the shadows and in the labs for over three decades. Its impact, and its ability to decentralise and change the economics and shape of the global manufacturing industry, collapse and eliminate entire sections of the global supply chain and its ability to disintermediate and disrupt entire industries should not be under estimated. Today’s 3D printers can produce a wide variety of large, up to the size of cars, and small, down to 40nm, products using a mixture of metallic, organic and non-metallic materials. DEFINITION 3D Printing the process of making a physical object, of almost complexity, shape, size or type, from a 3D digital file, by laying down many thin layers of a material in succession. EXAMPLE USE CASES While the future use cases for the technology are, arguably, limitless, today’s use cases, which are already varied, include the ability to 3D print clothing, basic electronics, enterprise grade industrial components and machinery, human organs, lighting systems, solar cells, synthetic stem cells, vehicles and much more. FUTURE TRAJECTORY AND REPLACABILITY Over the next decade, as the components and processes that underpin the technology mature and become increasingly accessible, affordable, capable and reliable the rate of expansion of the technology’s ecosystem, and the emergence of new specialist sub-categories that include, but are not limited to, 3D Bio-Printing, 3D Holographic Printing, 3D Ultrasonic Printing, 4D Printing, and Nano-Manufacturing, the variety of use cases, and ergo the rate of global adoption, will continue to accelerate. While 3D Printing technology is still in the ascending phase one day it is highly likely that it will be replaced, and complimented by, new Bio-Manufacturing and Molecular Assembler technologies. MATTHEW’S RECOMMENDATION 3D Printing is a highly disruptive technology that has already been productised, albeit at an early stage. Companies should perform a thorough assessment of its medium to long term impact on their business and, as appropriate, experiment with it. 15 SECOND SUMMARY Accessibility Affordability Competition Demonstration Desirability Investment Regulation Viability 3 3 2 7 9 5 3 9 1970 1985 1992 2007 2036 STATUS PRIMARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS IMPACT STARBURST APPEARANCES: ‘17, ‘18, ‘19, ‘20, ‘21, ‘22, ‘23, ‘24 3D PRINTING EXPLORE MORE. Click or scan me to learn more about this emerging tech. 116311institute.com MRL2 /9 3 /10 4 TRL /9 3 D ULTRASONIC PRINTING first appeared on the scene in 2018 after scientists in the Ukraine combined ultrasonic Tractor Beam technologies with traditional 3D printing technology to create a single 3D printer capable of manufacturing and assembling electronics within one device. Needless to say there is the opportunity for this technology to help decentralise manufacturing and assembly at both a global and regional scale, but as the teams developing the technology work in the comparative shadows it’s likely that the commercialisation of the technology will be further away than it should be. DEFINITION 3D Ultrasonic Printing prints then manipulates objects in situ within the printer using ultrasonic sound waves before fixing them and completing the assembly process. EXAMPLE USE CASES While future use cases for the technology are, arguably, almost limitless, and include a wide range of products, from the traditional to the exotic, where the accurate placement of individual components, whether those are synthetic and, or, biological, is important or crucial, today’s use cases are more limited to 3D printing and assembling basic electronic components and electronic products. FUTURE TRAJECTORY AND REPLACABILITY Over the next decade the capability of this technology will increase significantly, although given its developers relatively limited budgets and media exposure there is a good chance that the development of the technology could dead end as the team behind it fail to realise its commercial potential. However, with the right investment and exposure this is a technology that could decentralise the production of increasingly sophisticated and complex products. While the technology is still very nascent over the longer term there is a good chance that it could be replaced, and perhaps even complimented by 3D Holographic Printing and Molecular Assemblers. MATTHEW’S RECOMMENDATION 3D Ultrasonic Printing is a disruptive technology that, it can be argued, is the next logical evolution of traditional 3D Printing technology, that could provide companies across a wide range of sectors with significant cost and efficiency savings. Companies should perform a thorough assesment of its medium to long term impact on their business, and, as appropriate experiment with it. 15 SECOND SUMMARY Accessibility Affordability Competition Demonstration Desirability Investment Regulation Viability 3 4 2 5 8 2 1 7 2001 2007 2010 2025 2032 STATUS PRIMARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS IMPACT 3D ULTRASONIC PRINTING STARBURST APPEARANCES: ‘18, ‘19 EXPLORE MORE. Click or scan me to learn more about this emerging tech. 117311institute.com MRL2 /9 8 /10 4 TRL /9 4 D BIO-PRINTING, which is in the Prototype Stage, is the field of research concerned with developing new ways of printing organic based products that change shape and grow over time. Recent breakthroughs in the field include the printing of the first human heart tissue that when transplanted into young patients will grow with them as their bodies grow, something that cannot be accomplished today using traditional 3D Bio-Printing methods. DEFINITION 4D Bio-Printing is an additive manufacturing technology that uses bioinks to print viable living tissues capable of changing shape and morphing over time in a controllable way. EXAMPLE USE CASES Today we are using 4D Bio-Printing to print human tissue that grows with the patient. In the future the primary use cases of the technology will include the wider bio-printing of human organs and tissues as well as being used to help create new classes of Living Robots and Soft Robots, and beyond. FUTURE TRAJECTORY AND REPLACABILITY Over the next decade interest in the field will continue to accelerate, and interest and investment will continue to grow, albeit from a very low base, primarily led by organisations in the Healthcare sector, with support from univesity grants. In time we will see the technology mature, and as the cost and availability of bio-inks and other materials continue to fall, and as the processes are refined we will inevitably see the technology eventually become commercialised. While 4D Bio-Printing is in the Prototype Stage, over the long term it will be enhanced by advances in 3D Printing, 3D Bio- Printing, Bio-Inks, Hydrogels, Re-Programmable Inks, and Stem Cells, and one day it will likely be replaced by Molecular Assemblers. MATTHEW’S RECOMMENDATION In the short to medium term I suggest companies put the technology on their radars, explore the field, and establish a point of view, and re-visit it every few years until progress in the space accelerates. 15 SECOND SUMMARY Accessibility Affordability Competition Demonstration Desirability Investment Regulation Viability 2 2 2 5 7 2 1 8 2016 2017 2019 2027 2040 STATUS PRIMARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS IMPACT 4D BIO-PRINTING STARBURST APPEARANCES: ‘20, ‘21, ‘22 EXPLORE MORE. Click or scan me to learn more about this emerging tech. 118311institute.com MRL5 /9 8 /10 6 TRL /9 4 D PRINTING is an emerging technology whose impact is not, at first, easy to recognise, and it could be argued that it is the logical evolution of 3D Printing. However, 4D Printing’s value lies in its ability to create new programmable materials and products that self-assemble and change their properties, functionality and shape, in response to external or internal environmental stimuli, such as electric current, humidity, pressure, temperature and UV light, once they’ve left the printer. DEFINITION Related to 3D Printing 4D is a reference to 3D Printed objects that change and alter shape and properties when they are removed from the printer. EXAMPLE USE CASES While many of the future use cases for the technology are yet to be discovered they will undoubtedly include the ability to 4D print new biomimetic and programmable materials, and self assembling, shape shifting buildings, including space stations and shelters, and complex robots. Meanwhile, today’s use cases already include the ability to 4D print self assembling furniture and basic robots, shape shifting clothing and medical implants, and next generation, multi-use and multi-modal materials. FUTURE TRAJECTORY AND REPLACABILITY Over the next decade as companies and research institutions increasingly see the value in 4D Printing, and the number of use cases continues to expand, inevitably we will start to see the emergence of a strong, at first, nuclear ecosystem which will likely be centred in the US, and then China and Germany. While 4D Printing technology is still very nascent it is highly likely that it will be replaced, and complimented by, new Bio- Manufacturing and Molecular Assembler technologies. MATTHEW’S RECOMMENDATION 4D Printing is a highly disruptive, and potentially very valuable, technology but it is still at the concept stage. As a result, in the short term, I suggest companies put it onto their radars and keep an eye on it. 15 SECOND SUMMARY Accessibility Affordability Competition Demonstration Desirability Investment Regulation Viability 1 3 3 5 5 2 1 7 2005 2009 2016 2028 2038 STATUS PRIMARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS IMPACT 4D PRINTING STARBURST APPEARANCES: : ‘17, ‘18, ‘19, ‘20, ‘21, ‘22, ‘23, ‘24 EXPLORE MORE. Click or scan me to learn more about this emerging tech. 119311institute.com MRLNext >