< Previous4 /9 2 /10 9 TRL /9 P RINTABLE BATTERIES, which are in the Prototype Stage and very early Productisation Stage, is the field of research concerned with designing new batteries and battery manufacturing processes that allow organisations to print batteries, of all capacities, shapes and sizes, on demand, which will open up a whole variety of new use cases and applications. Recently there have been multiple breakthroughs in the field, which range from not only being able to 3D print fully functional battery systems, but also extend to being able to use 3D printing to print highly intricate and complex battery electrodes, at the nanoscale, with huge surface areas that not only dramatically extend the battery life of traditional battery systems, but also their capacities as well. DEFINITION Printable Batteries are battery systems that can be printed in a wide variety of shapes and sizes. EXAMPLE USE CASES Today we are using Printed Batteries to power custom, flexible wearable devices. In the future the primary use cases for the technology will include using it to design custom shaped batteries for a wide variety of applications, and using it to dramatically increase the capacities and life spans of more traditional fixed sized battery systems. FUTURE TRAJECTORY AND REPLACABILITY Over the next decade interest in the field will continue to accelerate, and interest and investment will continue to grow at an accelerating rate, primarily led by organisations in the Energy and Manufacturing sector, with support from government funding and university grants. While Printable Batteries are in the Prototype Stage and very early Productisation Stage, over the long term they will be enhanced by advances in 3D Printing, 3D Bio-Printing, Bio-Batteries, Bio-Manufacturing, CRISPR Gene Editing, Nano- Manufacturing, and Structured Batteries, but at this point in time it is unclear what will replace them. MATTHEW’S RECOMMENDATION In the short to medium term I suggest companies put the technology on their radars, explore the field, establish a point of view, experiment with it, and forecast out the potential implications of the technology. 15 SECOND SUMMARY Accessibility Affordability Competition Demonstration Desirability Investment Regulation Viability 3 3 6 6 7 4 2 9 1988 2005 2017 2027 2036 STATUS PRIMARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS IMPACT STARBURST APPEARANCES: ‘19, ‘20, ‘21 PRINTED BATTERIES EXPLORE MORE. Click or scan me to learn more about this emerging tech. 290311institute.com MRL2 /9 3 /10 4 TRL /9 Q UANTUM BATTERIES, which are in the early Prototype Stage, is the field of research concerned with developing a new class of batteries that obey the laws of quantum physics and not classical physics. Recently there have been a number of breakthroughs in the space including the first prototype quantum battery that charges faster the bigger it is, as well as the development of quantum batteries that never run out of charge - something that even more conventional nuclear battery and energy systems can’t match. DEFINITION Quantum Batteries are a class of energy storage devices that operate according to the principles of quantum physics where the laws of classical physics don’t always apply. EXAMPLE USE CASES While Quantum Batteries are still a nascent technology their characteristics make them ideal for initially small and then increasingly large energy applications where continuous power and fast or even non-stop charging is attractive. FUTURE TRAJECTORY AND REPLACABILITY Over the next decade interest in the field will continue to accelerate, albeit from a very low base, primarily led by organisations in the energy and technology sectors, with support from government funding and university grants. In time we will see Quantum Batteries commercialise and mature but it won’t be for many decades yet and there is a risk that hey will become a niche technology. While Quantum Batteries are in the early Prototype Stage, over the long term they will be enhanced by advances in Artificial Intelligence and Quantum Materials, however over the long term they face a lot of competition from many other alternative battery and energy types which are likely to mature and commercialise faster and perhaps be orders of magnitude Cost-Performance better. MATTHEW’S RECOMMENDATION In the short to medium term I suggest companies put the technology on their radars, explore the field, establish a point of view, and re-visit it every few years until progress in this space accelerates. 15 SECOND SUMMARY Accessibility Affordability Competition Demonstration Desirability Investment Regulation Viability 2 2 7 5 7 2 1 7 1993 1997 2021 2038 2047 STATUS PRIMARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS IMPACT QUANTUM BATTERIES STARBURST APPEARANCES: ‘24 291311institute.com EXPLORE MORE. Click or scan me to learn more about this emerging tech. MRL1 /9 5 /10 3 TRL /9 Q UANTUM ENERGY TELEPORTATION, which is in the Prototype Stage, is the field of research concerned with trying to find new ways to use the weirdness of quantum physics and quantum entanglement to literally teleport energy from one place to another instantly. A truly sci-fi like technology, even for this Codex, recently there have been a few breakthroughs in this field including the first demonstration of energy teleportation using the real hardware of a quantum computer. By using entangled quantum particles researchers were able to teleport energy over distances roughly the size of a computer chip without any energy gain or loss - it was “simply transferred” without the energy travelling across the space in between the two points. DEFINITION Quantum Energy Teleportation is the transfer of energy from one point to another without traversing the physical space between them. EXAMPLE USE CASES An incredibly sci-fi-like technology the use cases for energy teleportation are vast, after all just imagine being able to teleport energy to anything that needs it anywhere in the universe instantly and there you have your primary use case. FUTURE TRAJECTORY AND REPLACABILITY Over the next decade we will continue to see interest in this field accelerate, albeit from a very very low base, predominantly led by government grants. The ability to teleport and transfer energy across infinite distances instantly is arguably an insanely attractive proposition but because of the uniqueness of it it will take decades to mature let alone commercialise which means it will remain niche for a very long time to come. While Quantum Energy Teleportation is still in the Prototype Stage it could be enhanced by advances in AI, Materials, and other Quantum technologies, however over the long term it is unclear what it could be replaced by. MATTHEW’S RECOMMENDATION In the short to medium term I suggest companies put the technology on their radars, and re-visit it every few years until progress in the space accelerates. 15 SECOND SUMMARY Accessibility Affordability Competition Demonstration Desirability Investment Regulation Viability 2 2 1 4 7 1 1 7 1951 1961 2023 2055 > 2075 STATUS PRIMARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS IMPACT QUANTUM ENERGY TELEPORTATION STARBURST APPEARANCES: ‘24 292311institute.com MRL EXPLORE MORE. Click or scan me to learn more about this emerging tech.1 /9 5 /10 1 TRL /9 Q UARK ENERGY, which is in the Concept Stage, is the field of research concerned with trying to understand the energy mechanics of quark collisions, and harness them to create the first Quark Energy theories and prototypes. Recently there have been a number of breakthroughs in the field, but none the less it is a very niche field and one that is still largely theoretical with the first quark energy reactions, and the results thereof, only being observed a couple of years ago at the LHC. During those reactions researchers observed energy reactions that outshone those of traditional Fusion reactors by a factor of eight to one, meaning that if, and it is a big if, we were able to harness Quark Energy, then it would be orders of magnitude more powerful than Fusion. DEFINITION Quark Energy is a form of energy production that can produce at least eight times more energy that nuclear fusion. EXAMPLE USE CASES Today there are no Quark Energy prototypes, only concepts. In the future the primary use cases of this technology will include acting as the primary energy source to the global energy grid. FUTURE TRAJECTORY AND REPLACABILITY Over the next decade interest in the field will continue to accelerate, and interest and investment will continue to grow but from an incredibly specialist and limited base, primarily led by government funding, industry consortiums and university grants. While Quark Energy is in the Concept Stage, over the long term it will be enhanced by advances in Dyson Spheres, Dyson Sphere Swarms, Fusion, and Space Based Solar Farms, but at this point in time it is unclear what could replace it. MATTHEW’S RECOMMENDATION In the short to medium term I suggest companies put the technology on their radars, and re-visit it every few years until progress in the space accelerates. 15 SECOND SUMMARY Accessibility Affordability Competition Demonstration Desirability Investment Regulation Viability 1 1 1 1 9 1 1 7 2002 2016 2055 >2075 >2075 STATUS PRIMARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS IMPACT QUARK ENERGY STARBURST APPEARANCES: ‘18, ‘19, ‘20 EXPLORE MORE. Click or scan me to learn more about this emerging tech. 293311institute.com MRL4 /9 3 /10 5 TRL /9 S EMI-SYNTHETIC ENERGY SYSTEMS, which are in the Prototype Stage and very early Productisation Stage, is the field of research concerned with finding new ways to combine biological and inorganic entities, such as chemicals, compounds, and organisms, together to create new energy products. Recently there have been a number of breakthroughs in the space in engineering Semi-Synthetic Cells, that are part inorganic and part organic, where the inorganic elements, which are often engineered into the cells walls, compliment the cell’s natural attributes and processes, as well as breakthroughs in our ability to engineer “cyborg” organisms, such as Perscovite cyborg bacteria, whose new attributes allow them to convert solar energy in photovoltaic cells at record breaking levels. DEFINITION Semi-Synthetic Energy Systems are batteries that contain both inorganic and organic elements. EXAMPLE USE CASES Today we are using Semi-Synthetic Energy Systems to create cyborg bacteria that are capable of merging with Perscovite crystals to create the first generation of advanced, low cost, efficient photovoltaics. In the future the primary use cases for the technology will include being able to use these hybrid energy systems to create perpetual batteries, in a wide range of form factors, that never run out. FUTURE TRAJECTORY AND REPLACABILITY Over the next decade interest in the field will continue to accelerate, and interest and investment will continue to grow at an accelerating rate, primarily led by organisations in the Energy and Healthcare sectors, with support from government funding and university grants. In time we will the efficiency and viability of these “hybrid” energy systems increase at a dramatic rate to a point where their potential will start to far out strip those of traditional energy technologies. While Semi-Synthetic Energy Systems is in the Prototype Stage and very early Productisation Stage, over the long term they will be enhanced by advances in 3D Printing, 3D Bio-Printing, Bio-Batteries, CRISPR Gene Editing, Nano-Photonic Materials, Photovoltaics, Printable Batteries, Structured Batteries, Synthetic Cells, and Wireless Energy, but at this point in time it is unclear what they will be replaced by. MATTHEW’S RECOMMENDATION In the short to medium term I suggest companies put the technology on their radars, and re-visit it every few years until progress in the space accelerates. 15 SECOND SUMMARY Accessibility Affordability Competition Demonstration Desirability Investment Regulation Viability 4 4 5 4 7 4 2 8 1966 1978 1984 2026 2032 STATUS PRIMARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS IMPACT STARBURST APPEARANCES: ‘19 SEMI-SYNTHETIC ENERGY SYSTEMS EXPLORE MORE. Click or scan me to learn more about this emerging tech. 294311institute.com MRL6 /9 2 /10 9 TRL /9 S OLAR FUELS, which are in the Productisation Stage, is the field of research concerned with finding new and alternative ways to make hydrocarbon based fuels using direct or indirect sunlight, such as via the use of Artificial Photosynthesis, without the need to extract them from the ground and refine them as normally happens with traditional fossil fuels. While this sector has been developing for some time now recent advances in catalysts, harvesters, processes, and other associated fields mean that carbon neutral solar fuels, such as Green Diesel, as well as others, are now commercialised and becoming increasingly affordable. DEFINITION Solar Fuels are synthetic chemical fuels produced from solar energy. EXAMPLE USE CASES The use cases for this technology are very much the same as the current use case for traditional fossil fuels, except because the way solar fuels are produced unlike their legacy cousins they can be carbon neutral or even carbon negative, which as we look towards a greener and more sustainable future make them an attractive transitional fuel as the world moves away from fossil fuels and as it ramps up the deployment and use of other forms of fuel. FUTURE TRAJECTORY AND REPLACABILITY Over the next decade interest in the field will accelerate fast, from a good base, primarily led by organisations in the government and energy sectors, with support from government funding and university grants. In time we will see Solar Fuels become much more widely available, especially in certain territories, as countries accelerate their flight from fossil fuels and seek energy security. However, it is unlikely that given the current energy transition that they will have a long term future as various sectors focus on electrification rather than merely changing the source of their hydrocarbon based fuels. While Solar Fuels are in the Productisation Stage, over the long term they will be enhanced by advances in Artificial Photosynthesis, Biofuels, Bio-Manufacturing, Genetic Engineering, and Materials, but in the long term they will likely be replaced by technologies such as Photovoltaics and other renewable energy sources. MATTHEW’S RECOMMENDATION In the short to medium term I suggest companies put the technology on their radars, explore the field, establish a point of view, experiment with it, and forecast out the implications of the technology. 15 SECOND SUMMARY Accessibility Affordability Competition Demonstration Desirability Investment Regulation Viability 7 6 9 8 7 6 3 9 1971 1996 2006 2018 2032 STATUS PRIMARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS IMPACT SOLAR FUELS STARBURST APPEARANCES: NONE 295311institute.com EXPLORE MORE. Click or scan me to learn more about this emerging tech. MRL7 /9 3 /10 9 TRL /9 S OLAR OVENS, which are in the early Productisation Stage, is the field of research concerned with developing new ways to replace the need to use fossil fuel powered high temperature industrial processes and systems, such as Blast Furnaces, with clean, green, solar power based alternatives. Recent breakthroughs in the field include the development of the world’s first pupose built Solar Oven that uses the principles behind solar concentrators to replace Blast Furnaces and a number of other high energy high temperature industrial processes. DEFINITION Solar Ovens are a form of large scale solar concentrators that use the energy of the Sun to heat specific environments and products to extreme temperatures. EXAMPLE USE CASES Today we are using small scale prototypes to prove the theory behind the technology and refine it. In the future the primary use case of this technology will be to replace traditional high energy high temperature industrial processes with a cleaner, greener alternative. FUTURE TRAJECTORY AND REPLACABILITY Over the next decade interest in the field will continue to accelerate, and interest and investment will continue to grow, albeit from a very low base, primarily led by organisations in the Energy sector, with support from univesity grants. In time we will see this technology become refined enough and easy enough to install and implement so that it becomes a truly viable competitor to traditional industrial processes and systems, however, its reliance on solar energy could limit the technology’s wide spread use esepcially in less sunny parts of the world. While Solar Ovens are in the early Productisation Stage, over the long term they will be enhanced by advances in Carbon Nanotubes, Graphene, Photovoltaics, Nano-Photonics, and Superconductors, but at this point in time it is not clear what they will be replaced by. MATTHEW’S RECOMMENDATION In the short to medium term I suggest companies put the technology on their radars, explore the field, establish a point of view, experiment with it, and forecast out the potential implications of the technology. 15 SECOND SUMMARY Accessibility Affordability Competition Demonstration Desirability Investment Regulation Viability 5 2 2 8 8 4 1 9 1971 1984 2019 2023 2032 STATUS PRIMARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS IMPACT SOLAR OVENS STARBURST APPEARANCES: ‘20, ‘21, ‘22 EXPLORE MORE. Click or scan me to learn more about this emerging tech. 296311institute.com MRL6 /9 2 /10 8 TRL /9 S OLID STATE BATTERIES, which are in the Prototype Stage, is the field of research concerned with finding new alternatives to today’s traditional Lithium Ion and Lithium Polymer battery systems which many experts believe are starting to reach their peak. The technology, which has seen a number of breakthroughs recently, has a variety of big benefits over today’s LiOn batteries including the ability to create more energy dense, longer lasting, safer and smaller batteries that are inflammable, don’t require any cooling elements, and are up to 80 percent cheaper to produce. DEFINITION Solid State Batteries are batteries that use solid electrodes and solid electrolytes instead of the liquid or polymer electrolytes found in other battery types. EXAMPLE USE CASES Today the first Solid State Battery prototypes are being used to prove the technology before it is eventually refined and productised. In the future the primary use cases of the technology will include Electric Vehicles, including electric aircraft, drones and semi-trucks, gadgets, smartphones, and any other applications where LiOn batteries are used. FUTURE TRAJECTORY AND REPLACABILITY Over the next decade interest in the field will continue to accelerate, and interest and investment will continue to grow at an accelerating rate, primarily led by organisations in the Aerospace, Energy and Manufacturing sectors, with support from government funding and university grants. While Solid State Batteries are in the Prototype Stage, over the long term they will be enhanced by advances in 3D Printing, Nano-Manufacturing, and Printable Batteries, but at this point in time it is not clear what they will be replaced by. MATTHEW’S RECOMMENDATION In the short to medium term I suggest companies put the technology on their radars, and re-visit it every few years until progress in the space accelerates. 15 SECOND SUMMARY Accessibility Affordability Competition Demonstration Desirability Investment Regulation Viability 4 2 6 4 9 7 3 8 1981 1990 1996 2027 2036 STATUS PRIMARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS IMPACT SOLID STATE BATTERIES STARBURST APPEARANCES: ‘19, ‘20, ‘21, ‘22, ‘23, ‘24 EXPLORE MORE. Click or scan me to learn more about this emerging tech. 297311institute.com MRL3 /9 8 /10 6 TRL /9 S PACE BASED ENERGY PLATFORMS, which are in the Concept Stage, is the field of research concerned with developing new ways to capture solar radiation from the Sun in space using massive orbiting multi-kilometer wide solar array platforms before most of it’s absorped by the Earth’s atmosphere, and then use laser energy transmission systems to beam it to ground stations back on Earth’s surface before it’s distributed via the global energy grid. Recent breakthroughs in the field include the development of the satellite platforms and solar arrays needed to create the large scale orbiting solar platforms that will form the basis of these power stations. DEFINITION Space Based Energy Platforms are huge space based arrays that collect solar power and transmit it to Earth using laser transmission systems. EXAMPLE USE CASES Today we are using small scale prototypes to prove the theory behind the technology and refine it. In the future the primary use case for the technology will be to replace fossil fuel based energy generation systems here on Earth and provide overall stability to the global energy grid. FUTURE TRAJECTORY AND REPLACABILITY Over the next decade interest in the field will continue to accelerate, and interest and investment will continue to grow, primarily led by organisations in the Energy and Government sectors. In time we will see the first Gigawatt scale Space Based Energy Platforms being constructed and assembled in orbit with several soverign governments leading the charge to fund and build them, however, that said there are obvious huge logistical challenges still to be overcome and the scale and complexity of these projects should not be underestimated. While Space Based Energy Systems are in the Concept Stage, over the long term they will be enhanced by advances in 3D Printing, 4D Printing, Laser Energy Transmission, Nano- Photonics, and Photovoltaics, but at this point in time it is not clear what they will be replaced by. MATTHEW’S RECOMMENDATION In the short to medium term I suggest companies put the technology on their radars, explore the field, and establish a point of view, and re-visit it every few years until progress in the space accelerates. 15 SECOND SUMMARY Accessibility Affordability Competition Demonstration Desirability Investment Regulation Viability 2 2 7 2 7 4 2 8 1963 1981 2030 2035 2045 STATUS PRIMARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS IMPACT SPACE BASED ENERGY PLATFORMS STARBURST APPEARANCES: ‘20, ‘21, ‘22, ‘23, ‘24 EXPLORE MORE. Click or scan me to learn more about this emerging tech. 298311institute.com MRL1 /9 9 /10 1 TRL /9 S TELLAR ENGINES, which are in the Concept Stage, is the field of research concerned with developing new ways to move our entire galaxy with the ultimate goal of moving it out of the way of an imploding star or a blackhole. Recent breakthroughs in the field include the peer review of several new Stellar Engine theories which look feasible. DEFINITION Stellar Engines are hypothetical megastructures that use a star’s radiation to create usable energy that can be used to move galaxies. EXAMPLE USE CASES Today Stellar Engines are just conceptual. In the future the primary use case for this technology would be to move our solar system out of harms way, or as researchers put it, to another part of our galactic neighbourhood. FUTURE TRAJECTORY AND REPLACABILITY Over the next decade interest in the field will continue to accelerate but there will be in specific investment in the concept. In time the theories will be refined further and ultimately one day testes at a small scale, but that is estimated to be many hundreds of years in the future. While Stellar Engines are in the Concept Stage, over the long term they will be enhanced by advances in Energy and Materials, but at this point in time it is not clear what they will be replaced by. MATTHEW’S RECOMMENDATION In the short to medium term I suggest companies put the technology on their radars and re-visit it every decade or two. 15 SECOND SUMMARY Accessibility Affordability Competition Demonstration Desirability Investment Regulation Viability 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 2004 2019 >2075 >2075 >2075 STATUS PRIMARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS IMPACT STELLAR ENGINES STARBURST APPEARANCES: ‘20, ‘21, ‘22 EXPLORE MORE. Click or scan me to learn more about this emerging tech. 299311institute.com MRLNext >