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China’s hypersonic missile circled Earth at 21,000mph and smashed its target

Hypersonic weapons change the global balance of military power, and China and Russia are way ahead of the US.

Key takeaways

  • Along with China, the US, Russia and at least five other countries are working on hypersonic technology, and last month North Korea also said it had test fired a newly developed hypersonic missile.
  • Ballistic missiles fly into outer space before returning on steep trajectories at higher speeds.
  • Hypersonic weapons are very difficult – some say impossible - to defend against because of their fast speeds and shallow trajectories.
Cite or link to this article

Griffin, M. (2021) 'China’s hypersonic missile circled Earth at 21,000mph and smashed its target', 311 Institute, 2 November. Available at: https://www.311institute.com/chinas-hypersonic-missile-circled-earth-at-21000mph-and-smashed-its-target/ (Accessed: 1 October 2026).

As the race to be the world’s mightiest superpower continues to heat up China has apparently upped the ante and secretly tested a nuclear capable hypersonic missile which orbited the globe in mere minutes before returning to Earth to strike its target in a technological development that would overcome US anti-ballistic missile systems and to all intents ad purposes make them obsolete.

However, while the report from the Financial Times, which cited five unnamed intelligence sources, said the Chinese military launched the Long March rocket in August carrying a hypersonic glide vehicle into low orbit seems credible, that is based on the evidence we’ve seen so far of China’s hypersonic weapons development programs which include everything from the development of a new world beating Mach 30 wind tunnel as well as numerous other hypersonic weapons tests including the “carrier killing” DF-17, and swarms of hypersonic drones, as with anything of this nature coming out of China it’s hard to verify.

After all, so far we’ve had the Chinese laser rifle, Chinese quantum radar which would make US stealth obsolete overnight, which is actually kind of a thing, and the Chinese silent submarine caterpillar drive all announced in recent years. But none have been demonstrated publicly – other than the laser rifle which lots of people then took pot shots at because to date there’s no battery pack powerful enough on Earth to power a laser rifle that comes in such a small form factor.

All that said though apparently China’s latest weapon circled the globe before descending towards its target, which it missed by about two dozen miles – which ironically isn’t bad for a missile travelling at 21,000 mph and which can strike anywhere on Earth from space within minutes.

In fact navigation is the biggest problem facing hypersonic weapons development and deployment which is where Artificial Intelligence (AI) based piloting systems and dynamic stabilising systems come into play – but all that’s another story.

If true then the new system would be able to overcome US anti-ballistic missile defence systems that are based in Alaska and set up to shoot down projectiles coming over the North Pole – because the missiles would simply fly in from the south.

The incident has left US intelligence officials stunned, sources say, as it shows “China has made astonishing progress on the development of its hypersonic weapons.”

“We have no idea how they did this,” a person familiar with the test told the FT.

And this is the latest development in a fast ramping arms race taking place in Asia as tensions between China and Taiwan, as well as the rest of the region, continue to grow. Along with China, the US, Russia and at least five other countries are working on hypersonic technology, and last month North Korea also said it had test fired a newly developed hypersonic missile.

Ballistic missiles fly into outer space before returning on steep trajectories at higher speeds. Hypersonic weapons are very difficult – some say impossible - to defend against because of their fast speeds and shallow trajectories.

The Pentagon didn’t comment on China’s testing of the hypersonic missile, but did acknowledge China as their “number one pacing challenge.”

“We have made clear our concerns about the military capabilities China continues to pursue, capabilities that only increase tensions in the region and beyond,” John Kirby, a Pentagon spokesperson, told Fox News. “That is one reason why we hold China as our number one pacing challenge.”

FAQ

Why does this matter?

Hypersonic weapons change the global balance of military power, and China and Russia are way ahead of the US.

Matthew Griffin

About the author

Matthew Griffin Founder, 311 Institute

Matthew Griffin is a multi-award winning Futurist and expert in Disruption and Innovation, Geopolitics, Leadership, and Technology, who NASA have described as a "walking encyclopaedia of the future" and a "futurist Polymath."

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Matthew Griffin is a multi-award winning Futurist and expert in Disruption and Innovation, Geopolitics, Leadership, and Technology, who NASA have described as a "walking encyclopaedia of the future" and a "futurist Polymath." 15-time best selling author of the "Codex of the Future" series, Matthew is the Founder and Futurist in Chief of the 311 Institute, a global Futures and Deep Futures advisory firm working with royal households, world leaders, G7, G20, and G77 governments, NGOs, and multi-national mid and mega cap firms to help them explore, shape, and lead the next 50 years of business and society.

An award-winning YouTube creator with over a million followers, with an unrivalled global reach and impact, Matthew is a highly sought-after international keynote speaker, lecturer, and mentor who collaborates with global leaders through the United Nations Alliance of Civilizations (UNAOC) and United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) to shape pivotal initiatives such as the UN’s AI for Humanity program, the United Nations Conference of the Parties (UN COP), and the World Economic Forum in Davos.

As the former Global Head of Cloud, National Security, and Enterprise Sales for companies including Atos, Dell-EMC, and IBM, Matthew has a proven track record of building multi-billion dollar business units and turning failing divisions into market leaders. His ability to identify, analyse, and communicate the implications of hundreds of emerging technologies and trends is unparalleled, and his insights are trusted by many of the world’s most respected organisations, including ABB, Accenture, Adidas, AON, ARM, BCG, Centrica, Citi, Coca-Cola, Dentons, Deloitte, Dow Jones, EY, Google, KPMG, Lego, Legal & General, LinkedIn, Microsoft, PepsiCo, Qualcomm, RWE, Samsung, Siemens AG and Siemens Energy, T-Mobile, UBS, VISA, Walmart, Workday, Worldpay and many others.

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Sources and further reading

  1. Ba0a3cde 719b 4040 93cb a486e1f843fb ft.com
  2. “carrier killing” DF-17 nationalinterest.org

Source: first published by the 311 Institute on 2 November 2021. Cite as: Griffin, M. (2021). China’s hypersonic missile circled Earth at 21,000mph and smashed its target. 311 Institute. https://www.311institute.com/chinas-hypersonic-missile-circled-earth-at-21000mph-and-smashed-its-target/

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