Experts: AI ‘will beat humans in all tasks by 2060, and take all jobs by 2140’
The debates about the impact of AI on humanity and civilisation will rage on for decades to come, if not centuries, but there is a broad consensus that our world will change significantly as a result of it in the next fifty years.
Key takeaways
- According to the panel AI will master many activities a lot sooner though.
- The survey results also showed no link between the seniority of a researcher and the predictions they made, but where people were from had an impact.
Cite or link to this article
Griffin, M. (2017) 'Experts: AI ‘will beat humans in all tasks by 2060, and take all jobs by 2140’', 311 Institute, 11 August. Available at: https://www.311institute.com/experts-ai-will-beat-humans-in-all-tasks-by-2060-and-take-all-jobs-by-2140/ (Accessed: 1 October 2026).
Enjoy beating the robots and kicking your Roomba around the room while you still can because according to a study by the University of Oxford, who produced the now famous future of jobs report, and Yale University of more than 350 Artificial Intelligence (AI) experts, there is a 50 per cent chance that machines will outperform humans in every task within 45 years.
Yes, puny human, they’ll be better at moving your mouse aimlessly around the desk, better at doing the washing up and mowing the garden, and better than you at designing new forms of energy systems and interstellar spacecraft.
Feel ashamed. Now twiddle your opposable thumbs and dream about the day you can plug yourself into AI and the Hive Mind.
According to the panel AI will master many activities a lot sooner though. The Machines are predicted to be better than us at translating languages by 2024, writing high school essays by 2026, well, in my case they probably beat me at that activity in the 80’s, driving a truck by 2027, working in retail by 2031, writing a bestselling book by 2049 and surgery by 2053.
In fact, the experts say that all human jobs will be automated within the next 120 years, and if you don’t think you’ll be around in 120 years time then think again…
The survey polled AI researchers who attended the 2015 Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems and the International Conference on Machine Learning, and the results have “far-reaching social consequences,” says Katja Grace at the Machine Intelligence Research Institute in Berkeley, California.
How will teachers deal with computer-generated essays that are indistinguishable from the real thing, for example?
Probably by the quality is my guess… let’s face it most of us suck at essay writing anyway. But at least we will still be around to deal with these issues, which is a nice thought, because despite media hype about the dangers of AI, the researchers put only a 5 per cent chance on AI bringing about the extinction of humans.
I believe that it has something to do with the fact they’ll find it difficult to move the mouse pointer over the “Kill all humans” button on the nuclear launch screen at NORAD. But don’t take my word for it.
It has to be said though that AI’s can already beat us in a variety of tasks already, whether it’s beating Go, PacMan and Poker players, lip reading and translating languages, beating Wall Street traders and outperforming doctors and warehouse packers, or designing new AI's and protecting the planet, but each of the AI’s involved in these tasks is only good at one task, and unless they’re retrained then that’s the way they’ll stay, until, that it, the advent of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) which might appear as soon as 2035.
“There is accumulating evidence that machines can overpower human intelligence in complex, though specific tasks,” says Eleni Vasilaki at the University of Sheffield in the UK, but there is little evidence that AI with human like versatility will appear any time soon, she says.
The survey results also showed no link between the seniority of a researcher and the predictions they made, but where people were from had an impact.
Those in Asia typically gave shorter time frames than those in the USA, predicting, for example, that AI would outperform humans on all tasks within 30 years, compared with 74 years.
“This may well be an interesting demonstration of culture at work when forming opinions about technology,” says Leslie Willcocks at the London School of Economics and Political Science.
The responses however, as you might expect, were not always consistent, such as those concerning which game AI will master next.
“They predict that AI will surpass humans at the video game StarCraft in six years, compared to all Atari games in nine years,” says Georgios Yannakakis at the University of Malta in Msida, adding “some Atari games are hard, but nothing like StarCraft.”
Additionally, most of the survey focuses on the cognitive aspects of intelligence that fit well defined tasks.
“… but parts of intelligence, such as emotional intelligence, go beyond cognition,” says Yannakakis, “it would be interesting to ask when AI will surpass humans at being art or movie critics.”
Well, I have news for you Yannakakis, my friend, they’ve already become critics, and apparently they're quite good at picking winners. As for myself I’m now off to retrain myself as an AI, does that work? And yes, all of the grammatical errors are mine, that’s how you know I’m a human. Or am I? Mmmm... haha puny human.
//EndProgram
What this means for your organisation
Plan around tasks, not jobs.
The experts gave different dates for different tasks. Translating languages came by 2024, truck driving by 2027, retail work by 2031 and surgery by 2053. Jobs are bundles of tasks, so each bundle will change at its own pace. Firms are already organising work around tasks and skills, and 311 sees this becoming wide use by 2031.
Today's AI is still narrow.
Each AI that beats people now is good at one task and stays that way unless it is retrained. Artificial narrow intelligence is in wide use and we say act now. General intelligence is a later question. The source says it might appear as soon as 2035, while one expert sees little evidence of human like versatility soon.
Treat the dates with caution.
Researchers in Asia predicted 30 years for AI to beat humans at all tasks, against 74 in the USA. The answers were not always consistent either. The survey also covered mainly cognitive tasks, not emotional intelligence. Use the dates to test your plans, not to fix them.
Three questions for your next leadership meeting
- Which of our roles break into tasks that machines may take first?
- Which narrow AI tools do we already use, and who retrains them?
- What would change in our plans if forecasts split 30 years versus 74?
The trends and technologies behind this story
From the 311 Starburst, the 311 Strategic Intelligence Unit’s map of the technologies and trends shaping the next 50 years.
Analysis by the 311 Strategic Intelligence Unit, from Matthew Griffin’s article and 311 data. First published on Fanatical Futurist.
FAQ
Why does this matter?
The debates about the impact of AI on humanity and civilisation will rage on for decades to come, if not centuries, but there is a broad consensus that our world will change significantly as a result of it in the next fifty years.

About the author
Matthew Griffin Founder, 311 Institute
Matthew Griffin is a multi-award winning Futurist and expert in Disruption and Innovation, Geopolitics, Leadership, and Technology, who NASA have described as a "walking encyclopaedia of the future" and a "futurist Polymath."
Read full bio
Matthew Griffin is a multi-award winning Futurist and expert in Disruption and Innovation, Geopolitics, Leadership, and Technology, who NASA have described as a "walking encyclopaedia of the future" and a "futurist Polymath." 17-time best selling author of the "Codex of the Future" series, Matthew is the Founder and Futurist in Chief of the 311 Institute, a global Futures and Deep Futures advisory firm working with royal households, world leaders, G7, G20, and G77 governments, NGOs, and multi-national mid and mega cap firms to help them explore, shape, and lead the next 50 years of business and society.
An award-winning YouTube creator with over a million followers, with an unrivalled global reach and impact, Matthew is a highly sought-after international keynote speaker, lecturer, and mentor who collaborates with global leaders through the United Nations Alliance of Civilizations (UNAOC) and United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) to shape pivotal initiatives such as the UN’s AI for Humanity program, the United Nations Conference of the Parties (UN COP), and the World Economic Forum in Davos.
As the former Global Head of Cloud, National Security, and Enterprise Sales for companies including Atos, Dell-EMC, and IBM, Matthew has a proven track record of building multi-billion dollar business units and turning failing divisions into market leaders. His ability to identify, analyse, and communicate the implications of hundreds of emerging technologies and trends is unparalleled, and his insights are trusted by many of the world’s most respected organisations, including ABB, Accenture, Adidas, AON, ARM, BCG, Centrica, Citi, Coca-Cola, Dentons, Deloitte, Dow Jones, EY, Google, KPMG, Lego, Legal & General, LinkedIn, Microsoft, PepsiCo, Qualcomm, RWE, Samsung, Siemens AG and Siemens Energy, T-Mobile, UBS, VISA, Walmart, Workday, Worldpay and many others.
Regularly featured in the global media including the AP, BBC, Bloomberg, CNBC, Discovery, Forbes, Khaleej Times, Telegraph, TIME, ViacomCBS, WIRED, and the WSJ, Matthews mission is to help organisations create a fair and sustainable future whose benefits are shared by everyone irrespective of their ability, background, or circumstances.
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Sources and further reading
- Machine Intelligence Research Institute intelligence.org
- London School of Economics and Political Science lse.ac.uk
- University of Malta um.edu.mt
Source: first published by the 311 Institute on 11 August 2017. Cite as: Griffin, M. (2017). Experts: AI ‘will beat humans in all tasks by 2060, and take all jobs by 2140’. 311 Institute. https://www.311institute.com/experts-ai-will-beat-humans-in-all-tasks-by-2060-and-take-all-jobs-by-2140/
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